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2.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 144(12): 1598-1604, dic. 2016. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-845491

ABSTRACT

Euthanasia is a complex medical procedure. Even though end of life decisions are common situations in health practice, there is a lack of consensus about their terminology. In this manuscript, the main concepts about this issue are defined and delimited; including active and passive euthanasia and limitation of therapeutic effort. Then, a revision is made about the international experience on euthanasia, to then go through the Chile’s history in euthanasia and the population’s opinion. In Chile, euthanasia is an act that has been removed from the social dialogue and legislation. In order to have an open discussion in our population about the issue, the debate has to be opened to the citizens, accompanied by clear medical information about the procedure.


Subject(s)
Humans , Euthanasia, Passive/legislation & jurisprudence , Euthanasia, Active/legislation & jurisprudence , Public Opinion , Chile
3.
Rev. Hosp. Clin. Univ. Chile ; 26(4): 322-328, 2015. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-831266

ABSTRACT

International situation on euthanasia varies among countries. Even though in most of the countries worldwide active euthanasia is forbidden by law, to the date four countries (The Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg and Colombia) have approved and regulated by law active euthanasia (defined as “physician’s intentionally administering a treatment -usually medication- to cause the patient’s death, with the patient’s full, informed consent”). For a country like Chile, in which all types of euthanasia are forbidden by law, it is important to look forward to the international situation, in order to enrich public policy debate, based on the international empirical experience.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Euthanasia, Active/legislation & jurisprudence , Euthanasia, Active/methods , Euthanasia, Active/standards , Euthanasia, Active/trends
4.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 139(5): 655-659, mayo 2011.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-603104

ABSTRACT

The Bill of Rights for Patients provides the patient with autonomy for disposing of his life, enabling him to reject those treatments that unnecessarily prolong his life. However, the bill does not allow an artificial acceleration of death. Therefore, the bill does not permit euthanasia (at least, certain form of it) nor assisted-suicide. However, according to the practice of medicine and also Chilean doctrine, it is permitted to inject morphine to a patient to relieve his pain, even though that could hasten his death. In consequence, it is allowed for the patient to dispose of his life and also to inject in him morphine for pain relief, endangering his life, but neither euthanasia nor assisted-suicide is allowed. Is this coherent? According to Chilean doctrine, it could be coherent under the condition of accepting the distinction between killing and letting die and also the double effect doctrine. The problem is that there is abundant English literature in the realm of moral philosophy to disregard both conditions. Therefore, it is possible to claim that the Bill is not coherent and that the Chilean doctrine is based upon a distinction and a doctrine that are not acceptable.


Subject(s)
Humans , Double Effect Principle , Euthanasia, Active , Euthanasia, Passive , Right to Die , Analgesics, Opioid/administration & dosage , Bioethical Issues , Chile , Euthanasia, Active , Euthanasia, Active/legislation & jurisprudence , Euthanasia, Passive , Euthanasia, Passive/legislation & jurisprudence , Morphine/administration & dosage , Right to Die
5.
Rev. Méd. Clín. Condes ; 15(4): 157-160, oct. 2004.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-425106

ABSTRACT

Actualmente la acepción predominante de la eutanasia es “la acción u omisión que permite, acelera o provoca la muerte de un paciente terminal o de un recién nacido con graves malformaciones, para evitar sus sufrimientos”. El concepto implica la intervención de un agente distinto del enfermo y que ella se realice por el bien de éste, movida por la compasión. Eutanasia significa etimológicamente “buen morir”. La muerte entendida como uno de los principales “ritos de paso”, es decir, el cambio incontrovertible de una situación biológica a otra es acompañada de rituales explicativos, los que en último término pretenden asimilarla culturalmente intentando una ayuda al morir, es decir, la obtención de un “ buen morir”, el que se expresará de acuerdo a la significación elaborada frente a este cambio irreversible. El contexto cultural que envuelve a la eutanasia transforma en forma muy diversa su significado moral. Las culturas primitivas se inclinaban a evitar el dolor de los moribundos acelerando de diferentes maneras la aparición de la muerte. “humanizaban” la muerte, ayudando a su aparición. Aplicando esta misma intención, concebían que los niños minusválidos eran potencialmente portadores de discriminación y sufrimiento a lo largo de su vida, y por lo tanto podían ser eliminados, teniendo en cuenta que en la polis todo habitante cumplía con un rol determinado, no sólo para obtener su propia felicidad, sino para mantener el orden social exigido. El aborto, antes de aparecer la “sensación de la vida” (etapas precoces del embarazo), era aceptado por Aristóteles. La aparición de la medicina en Grecia nace junto con el intento de curar la enfermedad, “la institucionalización médica de la eutanasia”.


Subject(s)
Humans , Bioethics , Euthanasia/history , Right to Die/history , Euthanasia, Active/ethics , Euthanasia, Active/legislation & jurisprudence , Euthanasia, Passive/ethics , Quality of Life , Suicide, Assisted/ethics , Suicide, Assisted/legislation & jurisprudence
6.
Acta bioeth ; 6(2): 247-263, 2000.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-390289

ABSTRACT

Dada la confusión conceptual que existe en relación con la expresión eutanasia, el objetivo de la presente monografia consiste, precisamente, en dilucidar el sentido y alcance de esta expresión desde una perspectiva juridico-penal, para asi poder determinar qué conductas son penalmente relevantes y cuáles deben ser necesariamente excluidas del ámbito del ius puniendi. Como paso siguiente, el autor analiza los elementos determinantes de las conductas eutanásicas, consideradas siempre desde la perspectiva penal. Una vez precisado el alcance de la expresi¢n, es posible analizar dichas conductas desde el punto de vista de su tipificación objetiva, para revisar, posteriormente, algunas legislaciones latinoamericanas que tipifican expresamente dichas prácticas. Finalmente, se analizará la factibilidad ética y jur¡dica de una legislaci¢n propiamente eutanásica, a la luz del principiode la dignidad de la persona humana, reconocido explicita o impl¡citamente porlos principales instrumentos internacionales y por todas los c¢digos politicos de los Estados sociales y democráticos de derecho.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Right to Die/legislation & jurisprudence , Euthanasia, Active/legislation & jurisprudence , Euthanasia, Passive/legislation & jurisprudence , Homicide/legislation & jurisprudence , Terminally Ill
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